FFlash dryers are the most economical for drying solids that have been de-watered or inherently have a low moisture content. Also known as "pneumatic dryers," the systems makes the simplest gas suspension dryers with the smallest footprint. A single operation provides mixing, heat transfer, and mass transfer to dry a solid. Residence time within the dryer is very short, usually less than three seconds. Feeds are: 1- Moist, powdery, granular, or crystallized 2- Wet solids discharged from centrifuges, rotary filters, and filter presses 3- Small in particle size 4- Reasonably dry, friable, and not sticky. Advantages 1- Relatively simple in operation 2- Take little space 3- Generally require lower capital investment than other types of dryers 4- Excellent choice for processing heat-sensitive or easily oxidized feed materials 5- Product inventory in the flash-drying system is very low 6- Easy to change product or product grade with minimum downtime 7- Control of the flash-drying process is very simple 8- Control system responds very quickly to operational changes.